![]() ![]() The ANDSF provides information to the UE about connectivity to 3GPP and non-3GPP access networks (such as Wi-Fi). The HSS is based on pre-Rel-4 Home Location Register (HLR) and Authentication Center (AuC).ĪNDSF (Access Network Discovery and Selection Function) The functions of the HSS include mobility management, call and session establishment support, user authentication and access authorization. The Home Subscriber Server is a central database that contains user-related and subscription-related information. Another key role of the Packet Data Network Gateway is to act as the anchor for mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP technologies such as WiMAX and 3GPP2 (CDMA 1X and EvDO). The PDN Gateway performs policy enforcement, packet filtering for each user, charging support, lawful interception and packet screening. A piece of User Equipment may have simultaneous connectivity with more than one Packet Data Network Gateway for accessing multiple packet data networks. The Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN Gateway, also PGW) provides connectivity from the User Equipment (UE) to external packet data networks (PDNs) by being its point of exit and entry of traffic. It also performs replication of the user traffic in case of lawful interception. parameters of the IP bearer service, network internal routing information. For idle state User Equipment, the Serving Gateway terminates the downlink data path and triggers paging when downlink data arrives for the User Equipment. The Serving Gateway routes and forwards user data packets, while also acting as the mobility anchor for the user plane during inter- eNodeB handovers and as the anchor for mobility between LTE and other 3GPP technologies (terminating S4 interface and relaying the traffic between 2G/3G systems and Packet Data Network Gateway). The MME also terminates the S6a interface towards the HSS for roaming UEs. The MME also provides the control plane function for mobility between LTE and 2G/3G access networks with the S3 interface terminating at the MME from the SGSN. Lawful interception of signaling is also supported by the MME. The MME is the termination point in the network for ciphering/integrity protection for NAS signaling and handles the security key management. ![]() It checks the authorization of the UE to camp on the service provider's Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) and enforces UE roaming restrictions. The Non Access Stratum (NAS) signaling terminates at the MME and it is also responsible for generation and allocation of temporary identities to UEs. It is responsible for authenticating the user (by interacting with the Home Subscriber Server). It is involved in the bearer activation/deactivation process and is also responsible for choosing the Serving Gateway for a UE at the initial attach and at time of intra-LTE handover involving Core Network (CN) node relocation. ![]() It is responsible for idle mode User Equipment (UE) paging and tagging procedure including retransmissions. The MME is the key control-node for the LTE access-network. The subcomponents of the EPC are: MME (Mobility Management Entity) The EPC will serve as the equivalent of GPRS networks (via the Mobility Management Entity, Serving Gateway and PDN Gateway subcomponents). The main component of the SAE architecture is the Evolved Packet Core ( EPC), also known as SAE Core. The SAE has a flat, all-IP architecture with separation of control plane and user plane traffic. 3.3 PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway) protocols.3.1 MME (Mobility Management Entity) protocols.1.1.6 ePDG (Evolved Packet Data Gateway).1.1.5 ANDSF (Access Network Discovery and Selection Function).1.1.3 PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway). ![]()
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